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#MELD SCORE OF 17 SKIN#
Spider angiomata or spider nevi happen when there is dilatation of vasculature beneath the skin surface.These features are a direct consequence of liver cells not functioning: Other signs of advancing disease include itchy skin, bruising easily, dark urine, and yellowing of the skin. Worsening cirrhosis can cause a build-up of fluid in different parts of the body such as the legs ( edema) and abdomen ( ascites). This can consist of cognitive impairments, confusion, memory loss, sleep disorders, and personality changes. Īs cirrhosis progresses, symptoms can include neurological changes. People may also feel discomfort in the right upper abdomen around the liver. Some early symptoms include tiredness, weakness, loss of appetite, weight loss, and nausea. Person with cirrhosis and associated pain in the right upper region of the abdomenĬirrhosis can take quite a long time to develop, and symptoms may be slow to emerge.
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The term "cirrhosis" was derived in 1819 from the Greek word “kirrhos,” which describes the yellowish color of a diseased liver. The first known description of the condition is by Hippocrates in the fifth century BCE. In the United States, more men die of cirrhosis than women. Of these deaths, alcohol caused 348,000, hepatitis C caused 326,000, and hepatitis B caused 371,000. Ĭirrhosis affected about 2.8 million people and resulted in 1.3 million deaths in 2015. If cirrhosis leads to liver failure, a liver transplant may be an option. Other medications may be useful for complications such as abdominal or leg swelling, hepatic encephalopathy, and dilated esophageal veins. Ursodiol may be useful if the disease is due to blockage of the bile duct. Autoimmune hepatitis may be treated with steroid medications. Hepatitis B and C may be treatable with antiviral medications. Avoiding alcohol is recommended in all cases. No specific treatment for cirrhosis is known, but many of the underlying causes may be treated by a number of medications that may slow or prevent worsening of the condition. Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent hepatitis B and the development of cirrhosis, but no vaccination against hepatitis C is available. ĭiagnosis is based on blood tests, medical imaging, and liver biopsy. Less common causes of cirrhosis include autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis that disrupts bile duct function, genetic disorders such as Wilson's disease and hereditary hemochromatosis, and chronic heart failure with liver congestion. NASH has a number of causes, including obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal levels of cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Heavy drinking over a number of years can cause alcoholic liver disease. Ĭirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) – (the progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), chronic hepatitis B, and chronic hepatitis C. More serious complications include hepatic encephalopathy, bleeding from dilated veins in the esophagus, stomach, or intestines, and liver cancer. The fluid build-up in the abdomen may become spontaneously infected.
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As the disease worsens, symptoms may include itchiness, swelling in the lower legs, fluid build-up in the abdomen, jaundice, bruising easily, and the development of spider-like blood vessels in the skin. Early symptoms may include tiredness, weakness, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, nausea and vomiting, and discomfort in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The disease typically develops slowly over months or years. Damage causes tissue repair and subsequent formation of scar tissue, which over time can replace normal functioning tissue, leading to the impaired liver function of cirrhosis. Vaccination (such as hepatitis B), avoiding alcohol Ĭirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease, is the impaired liver function caused by the formation of scar tissue known as fibrosis due to damage caused by liver disease. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, dilated veins in the esophagus, liver cancer Īlcoholic liver disease, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis īlood tests, medical imaging, liver biopsy Tiredness, itchiness, swelling in the lower legs, jaundice, easily bruising, fluid build-up in the abdomen